Regulators Take First Step on Sodium-Ion Battery Shipping

A new proposal from PHMSA outlines how sodium-ion batteries could move through global supply chains, signaling growing momentum for the technology

19 Feb 2026

US regulators have proposed the first dedicated transport rules for sodium-ion batteries, a move that signals growing commercial interest in the emerging energy storage technology.

On February 10, the Department of Transportation’s Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) issued a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking to amend hazardous materials regulations to cover sodium-ion batteries. The consultation remains open for public comment until April 13, and no final rule has been adopted.

The proposal would introduce new entries in the hazardous materials table specifically for sodium-ion batteries. Draft UN numbers including UN3551, UN3552 and UN3558 are under consideration as part of an effort to align US regulations with updates to the UN Model Regulations and the International Civil Aviation Organization’s Technical Instructions governing air transport.

PHMSA also outlined proposed transport provisions for sodium-ion cells and battery packs. These could mirror some requirements already applied to lithium-ion batteries, including standards for packaging, hazard communication and conditions for air shipments. The measures remain subject to consultation and review.

Regulators say the rulemaking is intended to provide a clearer framework for companies moving sodium-ion batteries through domestic and international supply chains. The chemistry is attracting attention as manufacturers and utilities explore alternatives to lithium-based technologies.

Commercial activity is already emerging. Peak Energy, a US battery developer, has announced a phased agreement to supply up to 4.75 gigawatt-hours of sodium-ion battery systems to energy storage operator Jupiter Power between 2027 and 2030.

Several manufacturers in Asia and Europe have also outlined plans to expand sodium-ion production, particularly for stationary energy storage where lower material costs and reduced reliance on lithium could prove advantageous.

For now, the regulatory framework remains provisional. No new testing, labelling or state-of-charge requirements have taken effect, and companies are not yet required to comply with updated transport standards.

The consultation process will determine whether and how the proposed classifications are implemented, setting the groundwork for how sodium-ion batteries move through global logistics networks as the technology develops.